AuthenticationHigh

Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)

A security mechanism that requires two or more methods of verification before granting access

Skill Paths:
Identity and Access ManagementAuthentication SystemsSecurity Fundamentals
Job Paths:
Identity and Access Management SpecialistSecurity AnalystSecurity EngineerIT Administrator
Relevant Certifications:
CISSPCompTIA Security+SANS GSECMicrosoft Security Certifications
Content

What is MFA?

Multi-Factor Authentication strengthens account security by requiring users to present two or more verification factors. Even if one factor (like a password) is compromised, an attacker still can't access the system without the others.

MFA Factors

  1. Something you know – Password, PIN
  2. Something you have – Phone, token
  3. Something you are – Biometric traits

Best Practices

  • Combine different types of factors
  • Use app-based authenticators over SMS when possible
  • Enforce MFA for all admin and sensitive access
  • Monitor for MFA fatigue attacks
Quick Facts
Severity Level
9/10
Types of Factors

Knowledge, Possession, Inherence

Goal

Reduce identity-based attacks

User Impact

Slightly more friction for much more security

Example

Login requires password + fingerprint scan